Apparatus for cleansing and cooling gas.



No. 652,773. Patented luly 3, |900.

L. HIBT.

APPARATUS FUR CLEANSING AND COOLING GAS.

(Application tiled Aug. 23, 1899.)

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UNiTED STATES,"

1PATENT l OFFICE.

LUDWIG HIRT, OF GREVENBROIOI-I, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR OLEANSING A-ND COOLING GAS..

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent N o. 652,773, dated July3, 1900. Application led August 23, 1899. Serial No. 7281153. (No modellTo @ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Beitknown that I, LUDWIG I-IIRT, a subject of the King of Prussia,Emperor of Germany, and a resident of Grevenbroich, Kingdom of Prussia,German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor Cleansing and Cooling Gases, especially Oarbonic Acid in SugarManufacturing, of which the following is a specication.

The herewith-described invention has for its object an apparatus for thecleansing or scrubbing of gasesthat is, the retaining and removing ofmechanically-carried-over particles and the washing of the gasesthemselves. At the same time these latter may be cooled.

While the apparatus forming the subjectmatter of my invention may beapplied to a variety of uses, the apparatus is particularly well adaptedfor the cleaning, washing, and cooling of the carbonio-acid gas used insugar manufacture.

Figure 1 'shows the apparatus in.v central vertical lengthwise section.Fig. 2 shows details of the grates used in the apparatus on a largerscale than Fig. l. Fig. 3 shows the apparatus partly in elevation andpartly in 'sec-v tion with a modified form of water-distributingappliance. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail vertical sectional view of themodified form of water-distributing appliance.

The apparatus shown in Fig. l in longitudinal vertical section consistsof the vessel or receptacle A, of suitable cross-section, that issupplied with the following-named ttings and appliances: For theadmission of the gas an inlet B is provided onthe lowervside of thereceptacle A, to which inlet is connected the pipe C, which extends intothe receptacle A and which has in its lower half perforations c and isclosed at the opposite end Vto that-at which the gas enters.

of the receptacle A and may lbe fastened thereto bya flange. Thishas theadvantage of permitting the ready removal ofthe pipe forcleaning-purposes.-

In the interior of the receptacle A there lie, above the pipe O, gratesD. In the drawings This pipe O can, as' may be seen in Fig. l, reachthrough the wall' three of these gratings are shown, but more of themmay be used. These gratings D consist of single grate-bars or ofgrate-plates cast, like several grate-bars, together. In the furtherdescriptionz I shall consider only gratebars,l The single grate-barshave lateral projections, by means of which when the bars are laidtogether lside by side long openings or 4slits a are formed vbetween thebars. The cross-section of each barthat is, their lateral sides-tapersfrom above downward and terminates in the pyramid or conicaldroppingcorners b on the lower side of each bar. The height of thesegrate-bars can be-proportionate to the mass of water and the volume ofgas-currents that iiow upon, over, or past them and may be diiferent indifferent parts of the apparatus. The bars of the superposed gratingscan also be so arranged that they are laid either in a suitable angle toeach other (preferably those in one row ninety de- Above thegratinga'suitable water-sprayer is arranged. This vcan, consist of apipeE,

that within the receptacle 4is perforated'on'its under half or side. Inplace of this pipe the distribution of the water can also be effected(as seen in'Fig. 3 ,vwhich isotherwise like Fig. l) by spray-plates L,the arrangement of which is seen in Fig. 4. A

The construction and operation of the distributing-plates or `sprayplates or cones for the coolingwater are as follows, inthe accompanyingillustration three'such plates or cones being showntalthough more orfewer may be used. These distributers vare attached to the centralvertical cooling-water pipe M,'"al

-though they may be otherwise attached, if so desired. This centralpipeha's a bridge lO, the arms of which are for the purpose `of offering minimum resistance to the water lensshaped in cross-section. Forthe same reason the middle of the bridge or spiderrthatnis there are theadjustable distributing cones or funnels P and R. The middlefunnel-shaped plate P has a supporting-bow I, of lens-shapedcross-section, that carries the sleeve Q, which latter has an interiorthread. By means of this the plate P is screwed on the spindle N and canbe vertically adjusted. The nut 6, which sits on the spindle N under thesleeve Q, serves as a lock-nut as well as to fasten the plate P. Theinner distributing` plate R, which has the form of a truncated cone, hasa screwed sleeve S, which can be adjusted on the threaded part of thespindle N. The nut 5 serves as a lock-nut and also to make this plate Rfast on the spindle. The outer plate T is fastened by three screws lOwith iiat heads, which screws are led through the eye l2 on the pipe M.By means cf the nuts '7, which are on the screws l0 above the eye l2,this plate T can be vertically adjusted. Between or among the plates ItP T, on the one hand, and between the plate T and the pipe M, on theother hand, are spaces, the width of each of which can be varied byadjustment of the distributing-cones. The water which flows through M isby means of the distribution-cones diverted sidewise. It goes throughthe spaces between the plates and the pipe and is thereby sprayed orspread in line films or sheets of parabolic bell form upon the entiresurface of the underlying parts of the condenser vessel A. Adjustment ofthe plates regulates the proper distribution of the coolin g-water overthis surface.

Above the water-spreader there is, as seen in Figs. 1 and 3, a sieve F,which serves for the separation of any water from the gas as the latterpasses from the apparatus, as will hereinafter more fully appeal'. Forthe better attainment of this end there can be laid on this sieve aiiltering material or coke. The manhole G serves for the bringing in ofthis material and for general cleaning out of the apparatus. The nozzleII, attached to the cover of the vessel A, serves for the outlet of thecleaned gases. The water which collects in the vessel A goes through thewater-overflow I, Fig. 1,when it reaches the rightheight. The pipeconnected to the water-overliow is bent to form an ordinary water-trap,as indicated at rc, and which is constantly Iilled with water, so as toconstitute a water seal for the prevention of the escape of gas or theen trance of air.

The blow-off cock K serves for the complete emptying ot' the apparatus.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: The water which entersthrough the water sprayer or distributer is by this latter distributed.in a rain or shower over the entire upper surface of the upper grating.This water trickles downward along the gratingsurface and falls from thedropping surfaces or points finely divided upon the gratin g-surfacesbelow, which effect a still :finer subdivision. By reason of the greatnumber of dropping surfaces or points there results between the gratesand below the lowest one a tine mist-like rain, which offers an enormouswater-surface to the gases which meet it. The water which falls collectsin the lower part of the vessel until it reaches the overiiow and whatwould reach a greater height than this leaves the apparatus. The gaswhich comes into the pipe C through the nozzle B is compelled to leavethe pipe through the openings c, Fig. 1, in a finely-divided conditionand to rise through the water column which exists in the vessel A. Inthis manner a large part of the coarser impurities will be removed. Thegas goes now through the mist-like water-shower below and between thegratings and between these and the water sprayer. At the same time itcomes in contact with the surfaces of the gratings. In this manner thegas gives up its last impurities. Then it passes for separation from thepossibly mechanically-entangled water through the sieve-plate F and thefilter layer which lies thereupon and at last leaves the apparatusthrough the nozzle I-I. By means of this previously-described procedurethe gas is however thoroughly cooled by the water, especially as it isso iinely divided.

I claiml. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, thecombination of a main vessel, gas inlet and openings therefor, agasdistributing device extending throughout the diameter of the vesseland located in the lower portion thereof, a water-spraying device1ocated in the upper portion of the vessel, a series of superposedgrates having the openings therein the openings in each grate beingangularly disposed to the openings in an adjacent gratc, said gratosbeing interposed between the water-spraying and gas-distributing devicesand a iilter layer located above the water-spraying device and in thepath of the gas-outlet.

2. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, the combination of agas-distributer located in the lower portion of the apparatus andcomprising a pipe C open at its inlet end and perforated on its lowerside, a filter layer F in the upper part of the appa ratus, a gas-outletpipe II above the filter, a water-spraying device consisting of aninletpipe E perforated on its under side, said water-spraying devicebeing located under the filter layer, a plurality ot' superposedgratings D having the openings therein the openings in each grate beingangularly disposed to the openings in an adjacent grate for tinedivision of the dripping water and an overflowpipe I provided with acoperating water seal, said overflow being located above thegasdistributer.

3. In an apparatus for cleansing and cooling gases, a filter layer, awater-inlet with IOO TIO

Water distributing device below said Iilter In testimony that I claimthe foregoing as layer, a gas-inlet device and several supermy inventionI have signed my name, in presxo posed horizontal gratings or slottedplates D, ence of two Witnesses, this 18th day of July, the orevioes orslots of which latter are cross- 1899.

5 wise to each other, with pyramidal dropping- LUDWIG HIRT.

points for the equal distribution of the Water Witnesses: which tricklesthrough the creviees or slots, CARL KNooP,

throughout the interior of the apparatus. HERNANDO DE SOTO.

